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Quantitative rigor terms and their qualitative equivalents

How validity, reliability and objectivity map to Lincoln and Guba's criteria

Table pairing quantitative rigor terms with qualitative ones, such as internal validity with credibility and reliability with dependability.
Save this as a quick translation when a stakeholder asks about validity. Source: Yvonna Lincoln and Egon Guba, Naturalistic Inquiry (1985)
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Qualitative research does not use the validity and reliability vocabulary of quantitative work. This table pairs each quantitative concept with the term Lincoln and Guba proposed in 1985. It helps researchers explain their rigor in terms a mixed audience recognizes.

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What's in this reference table

Quantitative conceptQualitative equivalent
Internal validityCredibility
External validityTransferability
ReliabilityDependability
ObjectivityConfirmability

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